Background. Reproductive system cancer is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide which threatens women�s\nhealth and lives. Breast, cervical, and ovarian cancer have the higher incidence and mortality among a series of gynecology\nmalignant tumor. We aimed to compare and assess the temporal trends of common female malignances on breast, cervical, and\novarian cancer mortality in developed regions of Asia including Japan, Republic of Korea, and Singapore and analyze the detached\neffects of chronological age, time period, and birth cohort by age-period-cohort (APC) analysis. Methods. The mortality data for\nthese three cancers were collected from the WHO Mortality Database in Japan, Republic of Korea, and Singapore from 1954 to\n2013, from 1989 to 2013, and from 1964 to 2013, respectively.We fitted an age-period-cohort model and intrinsic estimator method\nto estimate the independent effect of each age, time period, and birth cohort on cancer mortality and describe the secular changes\nin three Asian countries. Results. For the overall trends of breast cancer, the ASMRs of breast cancer showed a general increasing\ntrend among three countries during the study periods while the change pattern in Singapore was different from the rest of the\ntwo countries for cervical and ovarian cancer. By APC analysis, the three cancer mortality risks generally increased with age and\ndecreased with birth cohort. For period effects of breast and ovarian cancer, increasing effects with time were observed; however, for\nperiod effects of cervical cancer, converse change pattern was presented among three countries. Conclusions. Our study shows that\nthe ASMRs of breast, cervical, and ovarian cancer remain high in Singapore compared to Japan and Korea. Generally speaking,\nthe mortality risk of three cancers increased with age, and period and cohort effects may collectively affect the common female\nmalignances mortality for East Asian women.
Loading....